Custody of funds
No client float; value stays with user
Issuer bank holds balances or credit lines
Audits
Cleaner audits; no customer assets on books
Mature controls; credit, settlement audits
KYC onboarding
KYC in-app via NAKA; streamlined flow
Full issuer KYC; underwriting for credit cards
Compliance & risks
AML, monitoring, SAR handled; no custody risk
Bank-grade compliance; fraud, chargebacks, requirements
Insurance & collateral
Insurance policies and safety collateral provided
Reserves and insurance policies set by issuer/sponsor
Time-to-market
Go live in weeks; design three–four; integrations five–ten
Nine–eighteen months: BIN sponsorship and certification